New Year is the time or day at which a new calendar year begins and Calendar's year count increments by one. In the Gregorian Calendar, the most widely used, the new year occurs on January 1. This was the first day of Julian Calendar and of the Roman Calendar (after 153 BC) also.
Julian Calendar introduced by the authority of Julius Caesar in 45 BC. It was replaced by Gregorian calendar thought, although it is still used by some orthodox churches.
Roman Calendar year originally had ten months, a calendar which was ascribed to the legendary first king, Romulus. The oldest calendar still in use is the Jewish Calendar, which has been in popular use since the 9th century BC.
In India four types of calendars are followed: Vikram Samvat, Saka Samvat, Hijri Calendar and Gregorian Calendar.
Gregorian calendar used in the international standard for representation of dates and time. This solar calendar was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582. The BC/AD system (terms used to label or number the years in Gregorian and Julian Calendar) was devised (invented) by a monk named Dionysius Exiguus of Scythia in the year 525. AD stands for anno domini, Latin for "in the year of lord", refers to specifically to birth of Jesus Christ and BC stands for "before Christ".
BCE (Before the common Era) and CE (Common era or Current era) are alternatives used to the Dionysian BC and AD notations respectively to avoid reference to Christianity. Please note AD is written before the year, while BC, BCE and CE are all written after the year.
The Vikram Samvat is named after the legendary King Vikramaditya of Ujjain, who by tradition started this calendar back in 57 BC. Vikram Samvat calendar starts on first day of the Hindu Chaitra month. According to Gregorian calendar, this day falls in the month of March or April. The lunisolar Vikram Samvat calendar is 56.7 years ahead of the solar Gregorian calendar, the year 2077 vikram samvat (BS) began in 2020 CE and will end in 2021 CE.
The Saka Era is believed to was founded by King Shalivanhana of Shatavahana dynasty and this samvat was started from 78 BC. The Saka Samvat calendar, a historic Hindu calendar introduced as Indian National Calendar in 1957. The Saka Calendar consists of 365 days and 12 months which is similar to the structure of Gregorian calendar.
Shaka and Vikram samvat both the samvat are same and they have same names of months and both consist of Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha also. But the difference is only the new month starts in the Vikram samvat with the Krishna Paksha which comes after the full moon (Purnima), whereas the new month begins in the Shaka samvat with Shukla Paksha which comes after the new moon (Amavasya). The December 2020, according to the Saka calendar, is 1942.
The Islamic Calendar, also known as the Hijri, Lunar Hijri, Muslim or Arabic calendar, was officially created during the reign of Khalifa Umar ibn al-Khattab. The prophet's migration or hijra in 622 AD marks the beginning of the Hijri year calendar and gives the calendar its name. In the Gregorian calendar reckoning, 1442 AH ( AH stands for "in the year of Hijra") runs from approximately 20 August 2020 to 9 August 2021.
As we all know that we have entered in the New Year 2021, the old year taught us a lot and we learned to fight an epidemic like COVID-19 in 2020 and Online Classes begun to be need of the hour for small kids too, people realized the Role of Internet during Lockdown. We will remember this year as a painful year of our life. It can be hard to come up with just the right words to express new year wishes.
Leaving all the difficulties behind we should look forward to the future.
Wishing you health, wealth and happiness in the New Year 2021 ahead.
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